3/3/2024 0 Comments Piezo electric actuator![]() Tovar AR, Lee AP (2009) Lateral cavity acoustic transducer. Microfluid Nanofluid 14:591–596Ĭhung SK, Cho SK (2008) On-chip manipulation of objects using mobile oscillating bubbles. Hashmi A, Heiman G, Yu G, Lewis M, Kwon H-J et al (2013) Oscillating bubbles in teardrop cavities for microflow control. Marmottant P, Hilgenfeldt S (2004) A bubble-driven microfluidic transport element for bioengineering. Marmottant P, Hilgenfeldt S (2003) Controlled vesicle deformation and lysis by single oscillating bubbles. Hashmi A, Yu G, Reilly-Collette M, Heiman G, Xu J (2012) Oscillating bubbles: a versatile tool for lab on a chip applications. Appl Phys Lett 102:023702Ĭoakley W, Nyborg WL (1978) Applications in ultrasound: its applications in medicine and biology. ![]() Xu Y, Hashmi A, Yu G, Lu X, Kwon H-J et al (2013) Microbubble array for on-chip worm processing. J Micromech Microeng 18:065020Ĭheung YN, Qiu H (2010) Acoustic microstreaming for droplet breakup in a microflow-focusing device. Xu J, Attinger D (2008) Drop on demand in a microfluidic chip. Gunther A, Jhunjhunwala M, Thalmann M, Schmidt MA, Jensen KF (2005) Micromixing of miscible liquids in segmented gas–liquid flow. And because their voltage requirement is very low, they are also well-suited for applications where power is supplied by a battery, such as consumer electronics equipment.Song H, Chen DL, Ismagilov RF (2006) Reactions in droplets in microfluidic channels. Low-voltage piezo actuators are used in applications where the required force is in the range of several dozen kilograms (as opposed to several thousand kilograms with high voltage actuators), such as nanopositioning. Be sure to check the conditions (voltage, frequency, and temperature) that were used by the manufacturer to determine the published capacitance values. Note that the capacitance of piezo ceramics varies with the amplitude of the voltage, the temperature, and the mechanical load. Capacitance is proportional to the cross-sectional area of the actuator (perpendicular to the direction of the electric field) and inversely proportional to the thickness of each layer.Ī = cross-sectional area of the actuator (m 2) ![]() When operating well below its resonant frequency, a piezo actuator behaves like a capacitor, and its displacement is proportional to the stored electrical charge. ![]() The result is an actuator that operates at a low voltage but produces a large displacement. However, the total displacement of the actuator is the sum of each layer’s individual displacement. Because the required operating voltage is based on the thickness of each layer, rather than on the total length of the actuator, the required voltage is kept low. How it worksĪ low voltage actuator uses layers that are just 50 to 200 microns thick each, sintered together. The multilayer design exploits the benefit of smaller thickness to reduce the required voltage, while the parallel connection scheme maximizes the total displacement. Low voltage piezo actuators are typically based on a multilayer, or stacked, design, in which very thin layers of piezo ceramic material are electrically connected in parallel. Multilayer piezo actuators take advantage of very thin individual layers to keep the required voltage low. The inverse piezoelectric effect refers to the strain that is induced on a piezo material when it is subjected to an electric field (V/m). Low voltage piezo actuators are generally classified as those that operate below 200 V. Thus, for a given displacement, a thinner material requires a smaller voltage than a thicker material. The amount of displacement that results from the applied voltage depends on thickness of material. When voltage is applied to a piezo ceramic material, the material experiences a displacement (expansion or contraction) per the inverse piezoelectric effect.
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